تقرير بريطاني: حماس تدير غزة بكفاءة رغم الحصار

قالت مجلة ذي "إيكونومست" البريطانية: إن أهالي غزة وحركة المقاومة الإسلامية (حماس) -التي تحكم القطاع- تمكنوا من البقاء ومقاومة الحصار المفروض عليهم منذ أربع سنوات عجاف، وإنهم تمنكوا من إحداث بعض التقدم والازدهار الاقتصادي.

ومضت ذي إيكونومست في تقرير لها، إلى أن الأنفاق التي تتلوى أسفل الحدود مع مصر قد تضاعفت وأنها استطاعت تلبية طلب أهالي غزة من المستلزمات المختلفة، بالرغم من أن حافري الأنفاق يشكون من كونها لم تعد تدر لهم الأرباح المناسبة.

وكشف تقرير صدر حديثا عن البرلمان البريطاني عن أنه بينما لا تسمح إسرائيل لأهالي غزة بشكل رسمي سوى باستيراد 73 مادة فإن أكثر من أربعة آلاف مادة مختلفة باتت في القطاع.

وأوضح التقرير أن معظم المواد المتوفرة في غزة هي إما مصنعة في الداخل أو أنها مستوردة بطرق أخرى، وأن سعر كيس الإسمنت انخفض إلى عشر سعره الذي كان يبلغ ثمانين دولارا قبل عامين، مما أسهم في بناء وترميم بعض المنازل من أصل أربعة آلاف منزل دمرها العدوان الإسرائيلي على غزة، مضيفا أن شهود عيان يقولون إنهم شاهدوا سيارات دفع رباعي فارهة تسير عبر الأنفاق التي شيدت من حاويات سفن بحرية.

وأضافت المجلة أنه برغم المعاناة التي يسببها الحصار الإسرائيلي على غزة، فإن محللين اقتصاديين يقولون إن القطاع يشهد نموا يفوق نظيره في الضفة الغربية المحتلة التي تديرها السلطة الفلسطينية المنافسة، مشيرين إلى أن البنزين الذي يضخ عبر أنابيب تحت الأرض من مصر إلى غزة يكلف ثلث سعره في رام الله.

ونسبت ذي إيكونومست إلى مراقبين قولهم إن الرعاية الصحية المجانية متوفرة على نطاق أوسع في غزة بالمقارنة مع توفرها في الضفة الغربية، وإن عمليات الاستيراد عبر الأنفاق هي أسرع وأيسر من مرورها عبر الإجراءات الإسرائيلية المعقدة، وإن شبكة الحواجز الإسرائيلية التي تقيد الحركة في الضفة الغربية غير موجودة في القطاع.

ومضت المجلة بالقول إن الغزيين يستفيدون من رخص الأسعار بشكل عام، وإن اقتصاد القطاع يتغذى عبر عدة مضخات نقدية سواء عن طريق حكومة حماس المحلية أو عن طريق الأمم المتحدة التي تشغل أكثر من عشرة آلاف شخص من أهالي المنطقة، مضيفة أن الأنفاق تشكل مضخة نقدية أخرى في الاقتصاد الغزي، وأن أحد بائعي السيارات التي يستوردها عبر الأنفاق يمكنه بيع سيارة واحدة منها من طراز هايونداي بربح يقدر بـ13 ألف دولار.

وأكدت ذي إيكونومست أن مظاهر الحياة والحركة على سطح الأرض في غزة تبدو أفضل أيضا، حيث تمكنت حماس خلال 14 شهرا بعد العدوان الإسرائيلي على القطاع من إزالة معظم الأنقاض وآثار الحطام الذي خلفته الحرب، مضيفة أن الجامعة الإسلامية على سبيل المثال التي دمترها آلة الحرب الإسرائيلية عادت شامخة متألقة من جديد، وأن مدينة غزة تكتظ بالمقاهي والمحال التجارية.

وبالرغم من العقوبات الاقتصادية التي فرضتها الولايات المتحدة على البنك الذي تملكه حماس في غزة، فإن النظام المصرفي غير الرسمي عبر الحوالات تمكن من دعم الأوضاع في القطاع.

وأشارت المجلة إلى أن غزة تعاني إزاء العزلة السياسية المفروضة عليها، موضحة أن مصر تشعر بالإحباط إزاء عدم سماح حماس للرئيس الفلسطيني محمود عباس وحركة التحرير الوطني الفلسطيني (فتح) بإعادة السيطرة على غزة.

وأضافت، أن حماس تقود القطاع بنجاح على الرغم من قيام الحكومة المصرية ببناء جدار فولاذي تحت الأرض على طول الحدود مع قطاع غزة في محاولة لسد طريق الأنفاق بين الجانبين، مما قد يسهم في خنق القطاع المحاصر.

وأشارت ذي إيكونومست إلى أن حماس تحقق نجاحات في إدارة القطاع برغم الضغوط التي تواجهها سواء من جانب قوات الاحتلال الإسرائيلية التي عادت لتنفيذ سياسة التوغلات شرقي القطاع، أو من خلال محاولات عزل حكم حماس الذي تقوم به أطراف فلسطينية أو إقليمية أو أمريكية.

الرابط الاصلي:

http://www.economist.com/world/middle-ea...d=15824034

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تعليقات قراء الايكونوميست البريطانية على التقرير.... يا ترى كيف ستكون تعليقات الزملاء هنا؟

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Froy'' wrote: Mar 31st 2010 10:36 GMT Surprising article. One can only admire the resourcefulness of Gazans. Even facing such insurmountable odds they still manage to get by and even to put to shame the much-touted Israeli-sponsored West Bank "economy bloom".

And some idiotic Israeli journalist still had the nerve to proclaim that "one of the problems confronting Hamas today is that it has almost nothing to offer the residents of Gaza, except perhaps Jihad and Istishhad (an act of martyrdom)." (http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/1159655.html). I guess he was more interested in spreading Israeli propaganda than in reporting actual facts.

Kudos to the Gazans and shame to the Western powers which are accomplices of Israel's criminal but vain policies to crush the Palestinians' will to resist and defend their rights.
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Sebastianin wrote: Apr 2nd 2010 10:22 GMT I guess the choice is between dying fighting on your feet or living on your knees. Very generous of the PA to offer the Gazans the chance to live in peace as they do with their settler masters.
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Alwaysaquestion wrote: Apr 4th 2010 2:29 GMT Is it possible to request sources? I am interested in the topic and read haaretz and maan news daily. From these sources I have read articles that make inferences to what is discussed but never mentioned as in the article. Notably, but not to omit other points, the discussion of steel shipping containers for lining and stabailiIng large tunnels, haaretz, almost a year ago, made mention of Hamas' desire to purcharse these for, "temporary shelter" following cast lead.

I can be emailed at alwayslearning@love.ca or if the economist had this information please use email on file

thanks and happy holidays .
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ahmed limam wrote: Apr 4th 2010 5:13 GMT Outrageous how tiny Gaza has had to suffer a medieval siege for 4 years being doubly pummeled by the local giants, Israel and Egypt, while the world looks on and does nothing. By remaining silent, the so-called "international community" has made itself an active accomplice of the crimes of Israel and Egypt. As for the latter, its pharaoh Mubarak, in power for a long undemocratic 28 years, has shown that he is an even bigger criminal than the Israeli government: all that he's interested in is maintaining himself, and then his son, in power. If that means making a couple of million people live in abject poverty, so be it. As for the other Arab rulers, they are pathetic: their weakness and cowardness are such that they have become a joke to their own peoples.
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FarEasterner wrote: Apr 5th 2010 8:59 GMT I'd like to commend Economist for articles in this week's edition (like on Gaza, Mongolia and Indonesia).

Maybe finally Economist's journalists get their act together and start publish something resembling reality, not cheap propaganda.

I would nlike to ask for more such articles on Iran, North Korea, Myanmar and such places. People wish to know how ordinary people live in places not easily entered by tourists.
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tzatz wrote: Apr 5th 2010 9:42 GMT "Mubarak … is an even bigger criminal than the Israeli government: all that he's interested in is maintaining himself, and then his son, in power"

"As for the other Arab rulers, they are pathetic: their weakness and cowardness are such that they have become a joke to their own peoples."

'It's the truth … that the truth … makes them so uptight.'

Welcome to the Arab/Muslim world … AND DON'T THINK HAMAS ARE ANY DIFFERENT …
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DePetris wrote: Apr 6th 2010 2:23 GMT If we want to be realistic, the Egyptian Government could be doing a heck of a lot more against the Hamas Movement. At the same time the Egyptians are constructing a cement wall to block underground smuggling routes, Mubarak's administration is turning a blind eye on the Bedouin tribes who are trading heavily with Hamas officials. And the Bedouin's of the Sinai Peninsula are more than eager to fill the economic void; there is virtually zero economic activity in the desert, and many already view the Egyptian regime as oppressive to their people (http://www.time.com/time/world/article/0...22,00.html).

Maybe this is a concerted effort by Mubarak to contain the Bedouins, allowing just enough smuggling to keep them in order. Or maybe Mubarak realizes that going full steam ahead against the Gazans would be deeply unpopular in the Arab world.

http://www.depetris.wordpress.com
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Vladek2 wrote: Apr 6th 2010 6:17 GMT Hamas is fighting a war of survival Gazanz for the Palestinian people in Gaza. Years of Israeli occupation, blockades, home demolitions and destructive invasions have left Gaza an over-populated, under-nourished, medically deficient ghetto much like the ghettos established by the German Nazis in World War II.

The Hamas crude homemade rockets without guidance systems pale in comparison to the military machine Israel has at its command. Under the Geneva convention an occupied people have the right to resist, and the occupier (Israel) has the obligation to provide for the health and welfare of non-combatant people under its control. Israel has shirked its responsibilities and instead treats every Gazan man, woman, child, infant, disabled person as a combatant subject to the harshest of military violence.

Palestinians want a just peace with freedom from Israeli violence and blockades. Gazans want the freedom to fish their waters and engatge in commerce. Israel has failed to provide for that safety and security. As long as Israel supports random and unbridled violence against Gazans, more groups will arise to fight Israel. It is Israeli policies of agression that perpetuate violence and the formation of new Palestinian groups more aggressively committed to reacting against Israel.

Perhaps Israeli leadership should study the Judaic heritage which places a high value on truth and justice. They surely have abandoned those very principles with their preoccupation of taking Palestinian land, homes, livelihoods and human rights. The God of Jews, Christians and Muslims is a common God that taught tolerance, compassion, respect and truth. Any people that usurp their religious ties to this God for the sake of exploiting another people are following a false God.

Israel can bring peace and remove the catalyst for extremist groups committed to the destruction of Israel. However it must return to the Judaic values of truth and justice. Until then, it is hopeless committed to violence and providing fodder for more extremist groups to react to Israeli violence..
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SADMAN2901 wrote: Apr 6th 2010 3:18 GMT Its the innovation of human being. Without this quality mankind would not have sustained hostile situation. Palestinians have proved that inspite of hardship they will survive to see their own country.
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SADMAN2901 wrote: Apr 6th 2010 3:25 GMT @tzatz , I dont disagree with you on you have said. Its a tragedy that countries around you and Palestine cant unite to have a solution to the 60 plus years old problem. Kingship, Emiry and Rulers were not Islamic system. They have worked it out to suit their own purpose.
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tzahal wrote: Apr 6th 2010 3:47 GMT Ahmed,

I have to agree with Tzatz. It seems to me that you are quite a selective reader. You extrapolate only what you want to hear from what you read. You dwell on the fact that Mubarak is mentioned in this article as somewhat of an accomplice thus making him a poor leader in your eyes and you rightly accuse many other leaders in the Arab world of also displaying poor leadership. But, at the same time, you ignore the criticism that The Economist directs towards both Hamas and the PA. I am sorry my friend but your blanket statement about Arab rulers applies to the Palestinian ones too. It is no secret that Arafat was one of the most corrupt men who ever lived, that his cronies and his wife routinely stole from their own people (and still do), and it is no secret that Hamas has its own fair share of corruption, widespread oppression of any opposition, and violent competition between its own selfish leaders which usually occurs at the expense of the Palestinian people (as this article briefly points out).

Open your eyes Ahmed, I live here in Israel and if we had leaders like that they would get impeached and put on trial as happened to our last prime minister, Ehud Olmert. I only wish the Palestinians could do the same and for once demand accountability from their leaders instead of just more radical rhetoric.
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I Blame the Parents wrote: Apr 6th 2010 4:30 GMT The Tibetans are living under a far worse 'occupation' without resorting to the same disgusting tactics of the Palestinians.
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Amit C wrote: Apr 6th 2010 10:54 GMT Guys, we forgot few basic facts with the discussion:
1) Hamas shot rockets for 4 years on civil population.Is there another such patient country in the world?
2)Gaza strip is not occupied by Israel, not even 1 inch.
3) The border can be opened in 5 minutes if Hamas will release the kidnapped soldier Gilad Shalit.
4) Hamas is as good as El-Quida, the Taliban and Iran regime.
5) Israel is parlamentaric democracy. a word that no one in the arab world can pronounce. And no European can understand the gap...

For some reason sometime the world tend mix between who the good and the bad in this story.
One thing guarentee. The palestinians will never miss opportunity to miss opportunity (as former Israeli foreign minister, Aba Even, said once. sadly, it was 40 years ago, and since then, they keep on with their strange habit).
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Muhummed wrote: Apr 6th 2010 11:09 GMT Seems like voting the "wrong" way (according to Israel and the US) worked out for the Gazans.
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Johan Sterk wrote: Apr 7th 2010 1:10 GMT Thanks to the lavish subsidies from Europe and elsewhere, the Palestinians are doing much better than the other Arabs. Better income, better life expectancy, better everything. Small wonder that they always sabotage peace initiatives and the formation of a Palestinian state. If they become an ordinary Arab state they might have to live on a dollar a day too.
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nasha wrote: Apr 7th 2010 2:41 GMT 10,000 UN jobs for such a small population and geogrphical area.That is your money donated by your country to the UN. So called impoverished people sneaking Hyundi cars into Gaza at a profit of 13000-.Again your money or just possibly Iranian money given to terrorist who are somehow idealized by people ignorant of facts but not of prejudice. One statement ends it all. We ,Hammas,
recognize the Country of Isreal and will not seek to destroy this country.But they will not say it. The land occupied by Isreal was theirs for a 1000 years ,including gaza. Rome took in battle ,then lost it to another who lost it to the Ottoman Empire. Isreal took it back by Law and then Battle, The Hammas were and are squatters in a land they never goverened. This article is filled with emotion by the author. That is not reporting but opinion. LABEL IT AS SUCH.
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Archivistangel wrote: Apr 7th 2010 2:58 GMT Hamas, which would remain the democratically elected government of Palestine if Israel were forced to return the Hamas members of parliament that they kidnapped, got their support as a result of the efficiency of their administration at a local level. There has been a certain nobility & consistency in the conduct of Hamas, one that appears to terrify even the moderate Israeli Jews that still rely on a characterisation of Palestinians as sub human to accommodate their belief in the fabric of the state. Hamas is succeeding in building pressure by absorbing losses and withholding use of force.

If the Israelis could politically find space to launch an unlimited offensive they will suffer on the way in for having constantly showed their hand, be it in their defences or their incursive method, which weakens them in such a manner as was exploited by the Hezbollah. And once in they are wrapping their state borders around a fearsomely well organised insurgent force and the demographic bomb that is in any case eventually certain to consume their ethno-religious state model.
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SADMAN2901 wrote: Apr 7th 2010 3:56 GMT @Muhummed, Indeed Gazaans have committed the worst crime in voting for Hamas agaist the illusion of some Arab as well as Western Countries, who wanted to see Fatah as the winner. In a perfect democratic system to work, it is important the voters choose their representative. But the result was not suiting many.
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Peerless Political Pundit wrote: Apr 7th 2010 4:21 GMT @ Amit C:

Yes...guys they forgot quite a few facts...the Economist does it on a frequent basis.

The Likud party which is in government in Israel descended from right-wing Zionist terrorist group Irgun. Here's a brief history of Irgun:

a)The King David Hotel bombing was an attack carried out by the Irgun, in 1946. 91 people were killed and 46 were injured, with some of the deaths and injuries occurring in the road outside the hotel and in adjacent buildings.

b)The Deir Yassin massacre in 1948 was also carried out by Irgun.

The Irgun is lionized within Israel as "freedom-fighters". Now isn't, that quite a familiar phrase? Here's a list of Irgun's attacks for your perusal. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Irgun_attacks)

You wrote:
The border can be opened in 5 minutes if Hamas will release the kidnapped soldier Gilad Shalit.

Laughable...to say the least. Israel is interested in a vassal state. That's why Mahmoud Abbas and Salam Fayyad get more attention in the Western media. It will come up with any excuse to stifle Gaza.

You also wrote:

Israel is parlamentaric democracy. a word that no one in the arab world can pronounce.

Gaza is a democracy, my friend. Free and Fair elections were held and the Gazans voted for Hamas over the corrupt and venal Mahmoud Abbas. It wasn't the result what the world wanted. That's all.
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tzahal wrote: Apr 7th 2010 8:00 GMT @Peerless Political Pundit

The Likud's origins are unimportant right now and you are terribly off topic. What's important are the Likud's current beliefs and actions. Should I criticize Obama and his party because the Democrats were originally strong advocates for slavery? How about you go read the Hamas or PLO charters and look at the radical anti-Semitic, anti-American, and anti-Israeli ideas enumerated in their respective charters which they still wholeheartedly support.

While it is true that the Likud is derived from the political wing of the Irgun, the party has, for the most part, abandoned many of the positions it once held. For instance, it was a Likud prime minister that made peace with Egypt by withdrawing from Sinai and the vast majority of Likudniks have given up on the idea of a "Greater Israel" and now tacitly support the two-state solution (such a thing happening in Likud was unheard of 20 years ago).

Also, quit with the blanket assumptions about how the Irgun is viewed by the Israeli public. I live here my friend and many, many Israelis see certain elements of the Irgun as criminals and they look at actions like Deir Yassin with shame. In the Palestinian territories on the other hand you will routinely see the same "martyrs" who purposefully killed hundreds of Israeli civilians glorified with their own streets, schools, and many other public institutions. When Jewish terrorists such as Baruch Goldstein do the same to innocent Palestinian civilians they are completely condemned by nearly every element of Israeli society.

Also, while Hamas may have been democratically elected it's actions are, like most Arab "democracies", far short of what any Westerner or Israeli would consider a democracy and this article even points that out to a certain extent.